An issue has been discovered that prevents the successful installation of Server Manager when the user that performs the installation is configured for something other than English. The problem relates around messages that are output by the embedded container. The installer is looking for particular words, in English, and the container is outputing that text localized. So even though the installation was successful the installer thinks it failed and begins to uninstall.
A workaround is to change the current user's language, in Windows, back to English and perform the installation. Also make sure the 'Language for non-Unicode programs' on the advanced tab is configured to English as well. These settings can be found in the 'Regional and Language Options' control panel option in Windows.
Once the installation is complete you may return to using the desired language of choice.